Author: Mohammed Noori Ali
College of Law and International Relations, Cihan University-Erbil-Iraq
DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/cuesj.v2n1a7
Abstract
Reason is heartbeat of every decision. Every order must contain reasons in support of it. Speaking orders or reasoned decision is necessary if the judicial review is to be effective. The significance of the reasoned decisions as a check upon the arbitrary use of administrative power is straightforward. A party has a right to know the result of inquiry and the reasons in support of the decision. But the requirement that reasons be given does more than merely vindicate the right of the individual to know why a decision detrimental to him has been given. This is so because the obligation to give a reasoned decision is a substantial check upon the abuse of power. Speaking orders are necessary to make judicial review effective. A decision supported by reason is much less likely to rest on caprice or careless considerations. The giving of reasons convinces those subject to the decision that they are not arbitrary and ensures that they are not, in fact, arbitrary.
Keywords: Reasoned decision, Natural Justice, Administration, Discretion, Tribunals
List of References
Books
Jain, M.P. (1999) Treaties on Administrative Law, Vol. 1 (Chapter I to XIX). New Delhi: Wadhwa and 5 Co.
Craig, P. (2008) Administrative Law, 6th Edition. Thomson, Sweet and Maxwell.
Craig, Paul (2008) Administrative Law, 6th Edition, Thomson, Sweet and Maxwell.
De, D. J. (2000) Interpretation and Enforcement of Fundamental Rights, 2nd Edition. New Delhi: Eastern Law House.
De, S. (2004) Judicial Review of Administrative Actions, 5th Edition.
De, S. and Woolf, J. (2009) Judicial Review of Administrative Action, 4th Edition. London.
Hawke, N. (1993) Introduction to Administrative Law. Delhi: Universal Book Trader.
Jain and Jain (1986) Principles of Administrative Law, 2nd Edition. Agra, India: Wadhwa
Jain, M.P. (2000) Cases and Materials on Indian Administrative Law, Vol. 1. Delhi.
Jain, S.N. (1984) Effect of Failure of Natural Justice: The Ultimate Relief. Journal of Indian Law Institute. 28(2).
Kesari, U.P.D. (2010) Administrative Law, 18th Edition. India.
Sathe, S.P. (1998) Administrative Law, 6th Edition. India.
Thakkar (Takwani), C.K. (2009) Lectures on Administrative Law, 4th Edition, India.
Thakker, C.K. (1996) Administrative Law, 2nd Edition. Agra: U.P. State.
Upadhaya, J.J.R. (2009) Administrative law, 7th Edition. India.
Wade and Forsyth (2005) Administrative Law, 6th Edition. London: Oxford University Press.
Wade, H.W.R. (1899) Administrative Law, 6th Edition. London: Oxford University Press.
Willliam, W. & Forsyth, C. (1999) Introduction to Administrative Law, 1st Edition. London.
Arabic Books
عمران، علي سعد (2008) القضاء الاداري، ط1، بابل، الرياحين، ص 166.
Legislations
- UK tribunal and the inquires Act 1971
- The American Administrative Procedures Act, 1946
- Indian Constitutional Law
- Iraqi Civil Service Act. No. 24 of 1960 .
Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journal a periodic multidisciplinary scientific journal issued by Cihan University- Erbil after auditing and revising by a specialized staff headed by the President of the university. The journal publishes original creative researches related to all fields of pure and applied sciences and humanities in Kurdish, Arabic and English.