Staphylococcus Spp Bacteremia Complications in Acute Leukemia Patient After Chemotherapy

Related Articles

Special Edition No2 2017 Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journal

August 2, 2017

Cytogenetic Studies on Lymphocytes Isolated from Women with a History of Abortion Infected with Toxoplasma gondii

August 2, 2017

Investigation of Microsatellite Instability BAT 25 and BAT 26 in Breast Cancer Patients by Conventional PCR

August 2, 2017

Author : Payman Akram Hamsaeed
Biology Dep., Education College, Salahaddin  University- Erbil

Author: Amera Mahmood Muhammad
Biology Dept., Science College, University of Mosul -Iraq

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/cuesj.si.2017.n2a20

Abstract

This study was designed to assess types and frequency of bacteremia with a positive blood culture for Staphylococcus Spp infectious etiology of 84 enrolled patients afflicted with Acute types of leukemia, after induction phase chemotherapy  .Leukemia  was identified by immunophenotyping with flow cytometry. The results showed that the  number and percentages of  B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) patients were higher 38(%70.4), than T-cell ALL 16(%29.6). The highest number of the ALL patients was subtype L1 35(%64.8) .While the highest number of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) subtype was M4 10(% 33,3) patients. while 31(%81.6) of  B-ALL has been classified into maturational stage common-B ALL because of the positivity to CD10 and the remain 7(%18.4) were  at pro-B ALL maturational stage. Also CD 34 positivity was  6 (%75.5) with mean percentage of positivity (71.70) .

Isolation of bacteria by BACTEC blood culture and  Identification and antibacterial susceptibility testing by VITEK2 system were done for all isolates that caused  bacteremia in patients receiving induction phase chemotherapy. The results  shows that  after starting induction phase chemotherapy 7 isolates were observed in these patients 3(%42.9) in ALL and 4(%57.1) in AML, 5(%71.4) of these isolates were S.aureus and 1(%14.3) for each S. vitulinus and S. epidermidis . Benzylpenicillin was the most effective antibiotic against the bacterial  isolates.

Key words:  Staphylococcus Spp , ,chemotherapy, Leukemia, Acute Leukemia, Flowgytometry

References

• Afzal, S., Marie-Chantal, E., Lee ,D., Mscphm, F., Laureen, T., (2009). Risk Factors for Infection-Related Outcomes During Induction Therapy for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J, 28, ( 12) :15-121
• Al-Barazanch , A.Z.A., Al-Sani, A.K, and Naema, N.F. (2005). Haematological and cytomorphological Study of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Bahrain Med. Bull., 27 (4): 1-4.
• American Cancer Society (2013). Cancer Facts and Figures 2013. Atlanta, American Cancer Society; 2013.
• Asif, N., Khalid, H., and Nuzhat, Y. (2011). Acute myeloblastic leukemia in children. International J.Pathol.., 9 (2): 67-70.
• Barbara J. Bain MBBS, FRACP, FRCPath (2006) Blood Cells A Practical Guide, Fourth Edition Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
• Borowitz, M..J, and Chan,J.K.C. (2008). T-lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma. In: Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. 4th edition. Lyon: IARC Press.
• Chow, E.J., Kamineni ,A., and Daling, J.R. (2009). Reproductive outcomes in male childhood cancer survivors: a linked cancer-birth registry analysis. Arch.of Pediatr. Adol. Med.., 163 (10): 887-894.
• Collin BA, Leather HL, Wingard JR (2001). Evolution, incidence, and susceptibility of bacterial bloodstream isolates from 519 bone marrow transplant patients. Clin Infect Dis.;33:947–953.
• Abdullah, D.A. (2010) Flow Cytometric Profiles of Acute Leukemia:a comparative study of morphologic and immunophenotyping diagnoses. Ph.D Thesis, Hawler Medical University.
• Douglas C.Tkachuk ,Jan V. Hirschmann(2007).Wintrobes Atlas of Clinical Hematology.Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.Phladephia USA p;48
• Drew (2007).ABC of clinical haematology .Third edition .Black well.p;27
• Edmond, MB., Wallace ,SE., McClish, DK., Pfaller, MA.1999). Nosocomial bloodstream infections in United States hospitals: a three-year analysis. Clin. Infect. Dis ., 29: 239–244.
• Feusner, J.H., and Hastings, C.A.(2002). Infections in children with acute myelogenous leukemia. Concepts of management and prevention. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol ., 17: 234–247.
• Ishfaq, M. A., Muhammad, A., Muhammad, , Khan, M. (2012). Molecular Characterization of FLT3 Mutations in Acute Leukemia Patients .Asian Pacific J. Can. Preve., l 13: 4581-4585.
• Jules, P. P. Meijerink, M. L. den B.(2009). New Genetic Abnormalities and Treatment Response in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Seminars in Hematology., 46( 1) :16 –23
• Kamps, W.A., Bo Kkerink, J.P.M., Ha hlen, , Hermans, J., Riehm ,H.1999). Intensive Treatment of Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia . Blood., 94 (4): 1226-1236.
• Lastersky, J., Ameye,. L, Maertens ,J.(2007). Bacteraemia in febrile neutropenic cancer patients. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents ., 30 (Suppl. 1): S51– S59
• Laupland KB, Gregson DB, Zygun DA, Doig CJ, Mortis G, Church DL(2004). Severe bloodstream infections: a population-based assessment. Crit Care Med.;32:992–997.
• Lehrnbecher, T., Varwig, D., and Kaiser, J. (2004). Infectious complications in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: analysis of the prospective multi-institutional clinical trial AML-BFM 93. Leukemia.,18: 72–77.
• Nanacally,H.T.H.,(2009).Some immunological and biochemical parameters in patients afflicted with acute leukemia before and after induction remission. Ph.D Thesis , HMU, Iraq.
• Pejovic,T ; Schwartz , Peter E (2002).Diagnosis And Treatment Of Nongynecologic Cancer. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. Issue: Volume 45(3).
• Pulsoni, A., Simona, I., Massimo ,B. M., Andrea, C., Nicola ,C., Francesco, D.R., Paola, F.,. (2008). M4 acute myeloid leukemia: the role of eosinophilia and cytogenetics in treatment response and survival. Gimema Experi. haematol., 93 (7) :1025-1032.
• Safdar A, Armstrong D(2001). Infectious morbidity in critically ill patients with cancer. Crit Care Clin.;17:531–70, vii–viii.
• Spits, H., Lanier, L.L., and Philips, J.H. (1995). Development of T and NK cells. Blood., 85: 2654-2670.
• Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, (2008) .WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. Lyon, France: IARCPress; 2008. p. 157–178
• Vincent JL, Rello J, Marshall J, Silva E, Anzueto A, Martin CD, et al(2009). International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units. JAMA;302(21):2323-2329.
• Wade, J.C., Schimpff, S.C., Newman, K.A., and Wiernik, P.H. (1982).Staphylococcus epidermidis: an increasing cause of infection in patients with granulocytopenia. . Ann. Intern. Med., 97 (4): 503-508.
• Wisplinghoff H, Seifert H, Wenzel RP, Edmond MB(2003). Current trends in the epidemiology of nosocomial bloodstream infections in patients with hematological malignancies and solid neoplasms in hospitals in the United States. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;36: 1103–1110.

Full Text